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How do I know if a research article is empirical?

Empirical research draws from observed or measured phenomena and derives knowledge from actual experimentation or observation. Empirical research articles are considered original, primary research. In these types of articles, readers will generally find the following sections organized by IMRaD format (Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion).

Introduction: Includes the research hypotheses and the literature review (current research on or related to the topic).

Image of an empirical article showing the introduction has the literature review and research hypothesis

Methods: How the research was conducted, including participants, research design, and measures used.

Image of Empirical Article Method Section with text explaining that is where you would find the experimental/observational procedures employed in the study

Results: What did researchers learn from their study/experiment--this section may include statistical data and research participant quotes.

The results section of an empirical article with text explaining that this section depicts research findings in the form of charts, graphs, tables, or research participants quotes.

Discussion:  Research conclusions that state why the study was important and its impact on future research and/or practices.

Image of Empirical Article Discussion Section and red box and arrow

Also check out:

How to find an empirical research article in PsycInfo (video).

What are empirical research articles tutorial

If you need additional assistance, please ask a librarian.

 

Answered by: Jerry Limberg | Last updated on: Aug 19, 2025 | Views: Views: 17118

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